Top 250 Tv Shows Like Siren

Seeking redemption and a shortened prison sentence, young convict Bode Donovan joins a firefighting program that returns him to his small Northern California hometown, where he and other inmates work alongside elite firefighters to extinguish massive blazes across the region.

Hosted by Bill Kurtis, American Justice looks at groundbreaking criminal cases, presenting viewers with an inside look at the case through the eyes of those directly involved, ranging from law enforcement officers to the victims.

Brimstone is a short-lived Fox television series, featuring a dead police detective whose mission is to return to Hell 113 spirits who have escaped to Earth. The series ran for only one partial season. Since cancellation, Brimstone reruns have aired on Syfy in the United States from the summer of 1999 onward. The reruns have no set schedule, but are usually aired in marathons during the channel's seasonal events like "Creatureland", "Inhumanland" and "the 31 Days of Halloween". Chiller also began airing reruns, on July 28, 2007. It currently airs in sporadic weekday marathons, like Syfy, and has no set airing schedule.

Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third season of the VH1 reality television series Charm School. Fourteen contestants from Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels and Real Chance of Love must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work. Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani "La La" Vazquez and Stryker. Ebony Jones was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.

A macabre web site called Darknet links the tales in this chilling anthology series whose protagonists face a range of unnamable horrors.

James is 17 and is pretty sure he is a psychopath. Alyssa, also 17, is the cool and moody new girl at school. The pair make a connection and she persuades him to embark on a darkly comedic road trip in search of her real father.

Evil Con Carne is an American animated series/spin-off of Grim & Evil and sister show of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy, created by Maxwell Atoms. The series first appeared on Cartoon Network during the show Grim & Evil, along with The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy. The two series later became separate programs in 2003. While The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy ran for six seasons, Evil Con Carne only ran fourteen episodes and ended on October 22, 2004. It was also part of Cartoon Network's series, Cartoon Cartoons, and is the 15th and final cartoon of the series. Season 2 was released unannounced in 2004. On April 13, 2012, the series returned to Cartoon Network in reruns on the revived block, Cartoon Planet.

A thriller set two hundred years in the future following the case of a missing young woman who brings a hardened detective and a rogue ship's captain together in a race across the solar system to expose the greatest conspiracy in human history.

Beth Burgess, a discredited journalist, is desperate to salvage her career by latching on to the story of a young mother sentenced to life in prison for maiming and murdering her husband, crimes she claims she didn't commit. In trying to uncover the truth, Beth finds herself in over her head as she contends with Colorado gun-smugglers, clickbait culture, the doldrums of marriage and her own tarnished past.

Murders, drug dealers, bank robbers or jail escapees. The stories are different, but the motive is always the same: to stay out of prison. See what pushed these fugitives to their crimes, how they changed their identities, evaded the law and - almost - got away with it.

Justice is an American legal drama produced by Jerry Bruckheimer that aired on Fox in the USA and CTV in Canada. The series also aired on Warner Channel in Latin America, Nine Network in Australia, and on TV2 In New Zealand. It first was broadcast on Wednesdays at 9:00 but, due to low ratings, it was rescheduled to Mondays at 9:00, in the hope viewers of the hit series Prison Break would stay tuned. On November 13, 2006, the show was put on hiatus, but two days later the network announced it was shifting it to Fridays at 8:00 to replace the canceled Vanished. Fourteen episodes of the series were ordered, of which 13 episodes were produced. Twelve of the episodes of Justice have aired in the United States with the final episode airing in Mexico, the UK and Germany.

A crime she committed in her youthful past sends Piper Chapman to a women's prison, where she trades her comfortable New York life for one of unexpected camaraderie and conflict in an eccentric group of fellow inmates.

Due to a political conspiracy, an innocent man is sent to death row and his only hope is his brother, who makes it his mission to deliberately get himself sent to the same prison in order to break the both of them out, from the inside out.

A drama set in the East End of London in 1889, during the aftermath of the "Ripper" murders. The action centres around the notorious H Division – the police precinct from hell – which is charged with keeping order in the chaotic streets of Whitechapel. Ripper Street explores the lives of characters trying to recover from the Ripper's legacy, from crimes that have not only irretrievably altered their lives, but the very fabric of their city. At the drama's heart our detectives try to bring a little light into the dark world they inhabit.

Respected police officer John River, a gifted cop with a troubled mind, struggles to come to terms with the recent loss of a colleague, and chases a suspect across London - with tragic consequences. Now at odds with the authorities, River ends up in a precarious position as he seeks to bring closure to the mother of murdered teenager, who blames him for failing to keep his promise.

Twins Tia Landry and Tamera Campbell were separated and adopted at birth. Fourteen years later, they encounter each other by chance at the mall. After the families meet, Tia's widowed father agrees to let Tamera and her single mother move in with them.

Adventurer James Keziah Delaney returns to London from Africa in 1814 along with fourteen stolen diamonds to seek vengeance after the death of his father.

The Ultimate Fighter is an American reality television series and mixed martial arts (MMA) competition produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and Pilgrim Media Group currently airing on ESPN+. It previously aired for fourteen seasons on Spike TV. The show features professional MMA fighters living together in Las Vegas, Nevada, and follows them as they train and compete against each other for a prized six-figure contract with the UFC. The series debuted on January 17, 2005.

Dino-Riders is a cartoon television series that first aired in 1988. Dino-Riders was primarily a promotion to launch a new Tyco toy line. Only fourteen episodes were produced, three of which were produced on VHS for the United States. It aired in the U.S. as part of the Marvel Action Universe. The series focuses on the battle between the good Valorians and evil Rulons on prehistoric Earth. The Valorians were a super human race, whilst the Rulons were a mixture of humanoid creatures — both of which came from the future, however ended up transported back in time to the age of Dinosaurs. Once on Earth, the Valorians befriended dinosaurs whilst the Rulons brain-washed them.

Sydney Fox is a professor and globe-trotting "relic hunter" who looks for ancient artifacts to return to museums and/or the descendants of the original owner. She is aided by her linguistic assistant Nigel and occasionally by her somewhat air-headed secretary Claudia. She often ends up battling rival hunters seeking out artifacts for the money.

A young woman born in a mafia-controlled town seeks revenge on those who wrongfully harmed and imprisoned her family.

The daily lives of prisoners in Emerald City, an experimental unit of the Oswald Maximum Security Prison where ingroups - Muslims, Latinos, Italians, Aryans - stick close to their mutual friends and terrorize their mutual enemies.

Au nom de la loi is a limited-run Quebecois téléroman series on Radio-Canada, seen from September 15, 2005 to November 17, 2005. The series ran for ten episodes, running 50 minutes each episode.

A retiree spends nine years relentlessly seeking to prove that his son-in-law, a former Green Beret Army doctor, murdered his pregnant wife and two daughters. Based on the Fatal Vision controversy, and the book of the same name, about the murders of the wife and daughters of U.S. Army officer Jeffrey R. MacDonald at Fort Bragg in 1970.

The planet Prysmos suffers a collapse of its high-tech civilization due to a solar re-alignment. Two groups rise to dominance from the devastation to wage war upon each other. One is controlled by honest and law-abiding people and the other by criminals and villains. Following an open challenge thrown down by the great wizard Merklynn, fourteen surviving knights are granted powers of transformation and magical energy. The groups are now divided between the good Spectral Knights and the evil Darkling Lords. The battle for supremacy begins...

Banshee is an American drama television series set in a small town in Pennsylvania Amish country and features an enigmatic ex-con posing as a murdered sheriff who imposes his own brand of justice while also cooking up plans that serve his own interests.

Behind every prisoner, there's a wife, girlfriend or mother doing time on the outside. For some it's a nightmare, for others a liberation. Prisoners' Wives - it's time to tell their stories.

Public Enemies explores the relationship between 28-year-old Eddie, recently released on life licence from prison after serving 10 years, and his probation officer, Paula, returning from suspension following a shocking crime committed by an offender under her supervision.

Murder in Paradise recounts the stories of American couples who go on dream vacations that end in violence. Only one of them comes back alive, and it’s never an accident. From a boxing champ found dead in his hotel room, to a vicious pirate attack on a luxury yacht, to a passionate affair that ends in bloodshed, each episode tells how an idyllic trip in paradise turned deadly.

The Fugitive is a remake of the 1963 TV series of the same name that aired for one season on CBS between October 6, 2000 and May 25, 2001. It stars Tim Daly as Dr. Richard Kimble, Mykelti Williamson as lieutenant Philip Gerard, and Stephen Lang as Ben Charnquist.

Helen Stephens is wrongly sentenced to 12 years in prison for murdering her boss Eric Bridges, the managing director of Entirely Tiles. Although she is sure that it will only be a matter of time before this mistake is rectified, everyone around her seems to be conspiring to keep her behind bars. Lawyer Tony is incompetent, sister Laura wants her flat, and fiancé Justin - her alibi - has disappeared. Colleague Henry seems to be the only one willing to help, but he has an ulterior motive.

When author Rosalind Leigh is assigned to write a book about the life of Olive Martin, a woman sentenced to life in prison for killing her mother and sister, she develops a relationship with Olive and is soon convinced of her innocence. With the help of restaurant owner and former policeman Hal Hawksley, she sets out to prove it and undo what she sees as a miscarriage of justice.

Ek Hasina Thi is a story, set in the eastern megapolis of Kolkata. It is not a revenge story but a story of the female protagonist, Durga, seeking justice for a crime committed in the past. Her methods of claiming justice are unconventional as she steps out of the shackles of traditionalism and utilises her Mind to conquer Might! The show tracks the journey of Durga as she attempts to stand up to the power and might of the influential Goenka family. Will Durga be successful in her mission or will she too fall aside like every other person who has stood in the way of the Goenkas? Who will reign supreme in this challenging battle of wits and intellect, where everything seems to be a fair game!

Dolly Rawlins is free again. She has served the eight year prison sentence for her husband's murder and is now set to collect the six million pounds worth of diamonds that she stashed before she was sent down. The money will enable her to follow her dreams and start a new life. But her former cell mates have their own ideas...

When a young serving police officer's father is released from jail after serving a sentence for murder, her investigations into his crime take her on a dark voyage of discovery.

Murder in the Heartland tells the grotesque true story of Charlie Starkweather, 19, who killed 11 people in Nebraska in 1957-58, and his 14-year-old girlfriend,

When Mikazuki Augus, a young member of a private security company known as the CGS, accepts a mission to protect a young woman seeking to liberate the Martian city of Chryse from Earth’s rule, he sets off a chain of events that threatens to send the galaxy back to war.

Santa Diabla is the story of Santa Martínez, a woman who seeks revenge for the murder of her husband Willy Delgado.

Seekers is a four-part TV mini-series released in 1992 about a police officer who disappears, and when his wife tries to find him, she discovers... another wife. They team up to search for him. It starred Brenda Fricker and Josette Simon, and was written by the celebrated novelist and screenwriter Lynda La Plante who also wrote the book of the same name. It was produced by Sarah Lawson.

After finishing a 2 year prison sentence for a bribe he never took Ex detective inspector Alan Lomax wants answers. Lomax has at least one luxury left - a narrowboat. And it's on the canals, among the day trippers and travelers, that he means to find revenge. Not an easy task for an ex-detective isolated on the wrong side of the law.

What starts out as a simple, reckless mid-life affair between a genetic scientist named Yvonne and a Westminster paper pusher takes an intriguing turn when she realizes he’s a spook – then suddenly gets very dark indeed. A provocative study of obsession, longing and just how far down a criminal path desire can take you.

When Stella finds out her terminal cancer is cured, she's going to have to learn to live with all the choices she's made when she decided to "live like she was dying".

Fourteen single people move under one roof in an attempt to find true love and their life partner.

David Slaney escapes from jail and attempts to hook up with his partner for one last deal, while evading the detective on his trail. Based on the novel by Lisa Moore.

Aanchal, a lawyer, seeks revenge on Ranvir Raichand, a powerful tycoon, and vows to leave no stone unturned to destroy him and his business empire.

An anthology series featuring updated tales of horror and haunting for the digital age, inspired by the viral fan fiction of two sentence horror stories.

Explore the lives of three families all in various phases of seeking, dating or transitioning a new sister wife into their lives. They will date online, date in person and explore the ins and outs of incorporating a new wife into their plural families.

The story of two siblings who witness the murder of their parents in the hands of one of the drug cartels in Mexico, after which Alejandro Ferrer's younger sister is kidnapped. 25 years later, Alejandro is now the captain of the Federal Police and seeks revenge against the narcos for destroying his family.

Plum Kettle, ghost-writer for the editor of one of New York’s hottest fashion magazines, struggles with self-image and sets out on a wildly complicated road to self-acceptance. At the same time, everyone is buzzing over news reports about men, accused of sexual abuse and assault, who are disappearing and meeting untimely, violent deaths.

Death row inmates convicted of capital murder give a firsthand account of their crimes in this documentary series.

A deep dive into the horrific December 2014 murder of Jessica Chambers, the Mississippi teen who was doused with gasoline and set on fire. The five-part series explores the murder of 19-year-old Chambers and takes an inside look into the trial of Quinton Tellis, a local black man accused of the crime. With tensions high, a small Mississippi town seeks the truth while facing a growing racial divide over guilt or innocence. Is the right man on trial - or is a murderer on the loose?

Horrifying memories can play back in an endless loop for people who have lost a loved one to murder; these painful recollections may also contain critical clues that can help detectives piece together the final hours of a victim's life.

A unique look inside the mind of an infamous serial killer with this cinematic self-portrait crafted from statements made by Ted Bundy, including present-day interviews, archival footage and audio recordings from death row.

Fresh out of prison, world-class thief Daisy ”Jett” Kowalski is forced back into doing what she does best by dangerous and eccentric criminals determined to exploit her skills for their own ends.

The true-life mysteries detailed in this series are about revenge, betrayal and murder carried out by people.

A chronicle of the twisted lives of some of the most frightening, diabolical characters in recent history. Each two-hour episode traces the heinous, criminal acts of these elusive miscreants and the eventual road to justice.

The individual stories of previously convicted child offenders sentenced to mandatory life terms, without parole, who are now seeking resentencing on the heels of a recent United States Supreme Court ruling. While some may be resentenced to life, others could be immediately released or given a new sentence that makes them eligible for parole.

When Miri Matteson returns home after eighteen years, can she integrate back into her old life? With a terrible event from her past hanging over her, it won’t be easy.

A prisoner becomes a lawyer, litigating cases for other inmates while fighting to overturn his own life sentence for a crime he didn’t commit.

A diverse band of Nazi Hunters living in 1977 New York City discover that hundreds of high ranking Nazi officials are living among us and conspiring to create a Fourth Reich in the U.S. The eclectic team of Hunters set out on a bloody quest to bring the Nazis to justice and thwart their new genocidal plans.

A group of online justice seekers track down a guy who posted a video of him killing kittens.

A boy’s brutal murder and the public trials of his guardians and social workers prompt questions about the system’s protection of vulnerable children.

Two New York artists become hired killers to make ends meet in this dark humor web series.

When Rishi, an amateur filmmaker from the big city, decides to do the right thing, he ends up in the crosshairs of the Atwals, a dangerous and powerful family from the rustic Heartland.

In this crime docuseries spinoff, a convict is paroled 30 years after being sentenced to death for murder. Then he makes a stunning confession.

Our mission is three simple words, happiness home delivered. Legends have it that laughter is the best therapy. We're here to home deliver the best acts directly to your screens. Featuring an all killer, no filler line-up of fourteen of your favorite comedians. Their only aim is to make you laugh until your stomach hurts and give you more reasons to remember this celebration. Watch Anubhav Singh Bassi, Gaurav Kapoor, Rahul Dua, Sumukhi Suresh, Rahul Subramanian, Neeti Palta, Karthik Kumar, Aishwarya Mohanraj, Nishant Tanwar, Urooj Ashfaq, Sapan Verma, Shreeja Chaturvedi, Nishant Suri, and Sumit Sourav.

A limited series focusing on Mamie Till Mobley, who devoted her life to seeking justice for her son Emmett Till following his brutal murder in the Jim Crow South.

A failed entrepreneur, Manish, has a lot going on in life, personal and professional, when he finds himself involved in a case of mistaken identity and ends up getting a contract to kill a young girl, along with an advance of five lakh rupees. The target is the daughter of an influential politician, who has his eyes on the Hoshiarpur ticket. Amid the chaos, Manish, and his wife, Richa must make choices where either greed will get the better of them or they will find their lost sense of self worth.

In July 1994, Pablo Ibar is arrested, accused of a triple murder in Miami. A crime that shook the foundations of the whole community given that the whole thing was recorded on a home security camera. Although he defends his innocence throughout, Pablo is condemned to death and will spend more than 20 years in prison... until Florida Supreme Court confirms the lack of proof against him and orders a retrial. Back in the starting box, the District Attorney’s office once again asks for the death sentence while the Ibar family sets about finding the money to pay for a trial that will cost more than a million dollars. This is his last chance.

Beneath the sunlit glamour of 1985 L.A. lurks a relentlessly evil serial killer. In this true-crime story, two detectives won't rest until they catch him.

Guilt, violence and impossible choices – what does it take to survive? Tense, gritty and heartbreaking – Jimmy McGovern's award-winning prison drama, with an all-star cast.

The chilling story of one of the world’s most notorious serial killers told through the words of Gacy himself, those who were forever changed by his unspeakable deeds and those who believe that the full truth remains concealed to this day.

What happens when the one you commit to spend your life with ends up taking it instead? This series looks at partner-homicide cases; stories of wives killing husbands, husbands killing wives (much more common), and love turning to loathing as passions get out of control.

The Chakravyuh - An Inspector Virkar Crime Thriller web series reflects on the dark side of the internet and social media. Prateik Babbar essays the role of Inspector Virkar, the protagonist. Virkar is an angry, young cop who seeks to bring justice to whoever he can. When young college students are ruthlessly murdered, Inspector Virkar gets called in. In his investigation, Virkar finds out that there is a whole system of hackers and anonymous blackmailers operating on the internet using social media sites as their hunting ground. With the help of one ethical hacker, a student counsellor and his team, Virkar try to solve the case of the outrageous murders. Will inspector Virkar be able to solve the cases in time? Can he find the answers he is looking for on the dark web? Who is behind the murders and what was their motive?

Everything brilliant and compassionate defense attorney Paul Madriani stands for is put to the test when he's hired to defend an indefensible adversary. Baltimore's Judge Armando Acosti's harsh and inflexible rulings are notorious. His unjust sentence of attorney Paul Madriani's latest client, an abused wife charged with the murder of her husband, is proof. But Madriani soon finds himself in a curious position of power over the judge. Acosti is arrested for soliciting a prostitute-undercover vice cop, Brittany Hill, who's called in as key witness for the prosecution. Acosti denies the charges, but when Hill is murdered-and all evidence points to the judge - Acosti finds himself in desperate need of a savvy defense. The irony isn't lost on Madriani.

In December 1985, Alison Day disappeared after getting off a train at Hackney Wick station. Over the next six months, two more women would be snatched at stations in the South East. Rumours began to circulate that a serial killer was stalking the railways, and that he was linked to a series of sex attacks across London, going back years. But who was he? And could there be any truth in the rumour that there was a team of killers, working together? It took another fourteen years for the police to close the case on the so-called ‘Railway Killers’. It was a case that completely rewrote our understanding of murderers, and how to catch them. Through dramatic reconstruction and testimony from police officers, and the victims’ friends, The Railway Killers reveals every twist and turn in the case. Across three episodes this landmark series explores the devastating impact of these crimes, as well as the shocking revelation of the killers’ identities.

Gen Z amateur sleuth and tech-savvy hacker Darby Hart and eight other guests are invited by a reclusive billionaire to participate in a retreat at a remote location. When one of the other guests is found dead, Darby must use her skills to prove it was murder before the killer takes another life.

Prisoner of Love follows Chelsea Holmes, the self-proclaimed "prison matchmaker," as she dedicates her time to helping men and women living free lives find love with prisoners behind bars. And Chelsea isn't simply a matchmaker, she is also looking for love with someone on the inside. Prisoner of Love documents couples as they navigate the unique struggle of dating someone in prison. Chelsea does all she can to give these singles the tools to make their relationships successful beyond prison walls, but are these matches built to last?

Wealthy thrill seekers get into all sorts of adrenaline-pumping activities on their luxury yacht vacation.

After serving a sentence of ten years in prison for a murder he did not commit, Arjun is finally free. Little does he know that he's caught in the middle of a flesh-trafficking racket that threatens to upend his entire existence.

This documentary series explores the 1960 brutal murders of three women in Starved Rock State Park in LaSalle County, Illinois, and the decades of questions and doubts that have haunted the son of the prosecutor in the case, as the man found guilty seeks to clear his name after sixty years in prison.

When Natalie Varga is accused of murdering her husband, journalist James Alden finds himself captivated by the case and ends up falling in love with the very femme fatale.

He dined with the powerful. He preyed on the vulnerable. Beneath a smiling exterior was the horrifying darkness of a sadistic serial killer.

Set in the late 1800s, this origin story follows Abby Walker, an affluent Bostonian whose husband is murdered before her eyes while on their journey out West, as she crosses paths with Hoyt Rawlins, a lovable rogue in search of purpose. Abby and Hoyt's journey takes them to Independence, Texas, a small town with a big future.

A serial killer perceives himself as the modern-day Duryodhan and viciously kills the people he perceives as the Pandavas. Investigating officers Ruksana and Siddhartha encounter several twists and turns in this 21st century Kurukshetra to uncover the mastermind behind this gruesome game of revenge.

“First Blood" examines some of America’s most notorious serial killers through the prism of their first known kills to reveal what drove them to the moment when violent fantasy and curiosity became a devastating reality.

The biggest stars of Street Outlaws go back to their roots in a new build and racing show. JJ, Ryan, Murder Nova, Kye, and Axman each build a car from the ground up, then meet up to put them to the test… against each other and then against the world.

Whether it's a cheating ex, a double-crossing co-worker, or the best friend who stabbed you in the back, it's human instinct to want to get even. Though most people don't act on this impulse, there are those who are consumed with getting even. For them, what starts as a nagging bitterness evolves into obsession and results in murder. This true crime documentary series profiles those stories of revenge, told through gripping interviews with the family members, community members, and law enforcement who experienced the events firsthand.

Two siblings have a dream of becoming IAS officers. But life has other plans. Watch their tale of revenge as they confront Babban, the biggest liquor baron of Bihar, for murdering their father.

After an unjust 16-year prison sentence, Dolores Roach returns to a gentrified Washington Heights, where she reunites with an old stoner friend, Luis, who lets her live and work as a masseuse in the basement under his empanada shop. When the promise of her newfound stability is quickly threatened, “Magic Hands” Dolores is driven to shocking extremes to survive.

Documenting the ups, downs and everything in between as polyandrous relationships navigate boundaries and life-changing decisions while working to add additional husbands to their families.

Terrifying true stories of mothers and their children when nature’s strongest bond morphs into conspiracy, manipulation and murder. Acts of greed, revenge and cruelty leave trails of torment and destruction across America.

Television adaptation of the literary classic by Alexandre Dumas. After being unjustly arrested and convicted of treason, Edmundo Dantés manages to escape from the Château d'If prison after 14 years of captivity. During his stay in this place, another prisoner of Italian origin, Abbe Faria, entrusted him with the secret of a treasure. When Edmundo manages to find it and dig it up, he decides to start a revenge against those who ruined his life, for which he assumes the identity of the powerful Count of Monte Cristo.

Wrongfully accused of a crime she didn't commit, 13 year old Guadalupe Santos is sentenced to 30 years in jail, while in jail she gives birth to a baby girl who is taken from her by her older sister Milagros. 15 years later she escapes jail and meets with Daniel Moncada who turns out to be the brother of the man she was accused of killing.

When a blogger witnesses a murder and mistakenly records it on camera, a blood chase that leaves a path of betrayal and deceit ensues. Can he get out of the trap? For all thrill seekers, Varanasi Junction will set the standard.

In a city where heroin dealing can bring the death sentence, drug rings mean business…and so do the police. The activities of the city’s vice squad – including high-level sting operations and the interrogations of murder suspects and drug runners - are at the heart of the stories.

In 'Our boys on Java', the four-part series that journalist and historian Coen Verbraak made for BNNVARA, fourteen of them still tell their stories. Including Joop Hueting, who in 1969 was the first to report war crimes committed by the Dutch. It was the last interview with Hueting; he passed away in November 2018.

The riveting life and times of Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) and his soaring masterpiece "The Divine Comedy" – one of the greatest achievements in the history of Western literature.